Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
The High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development is the central
UN platform for the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development adopted at the United Nations Sustainable
Development Summit on 25 September 2015.
DECLARATION
Introduction
1. We, the Heads of State and Government and High Representatives,
meeting at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 25-27
September 2015 as the Organization celebrates its seventieth
anniversary, have decided today on new global Sustainable Development
Goals.
2. On behalf of the peoples we serve, we have adopted a historic
decision on a comprehensive, far-reaching and people-centred set of
universal and transformative Goals and targets. We commit ourselves to
working tirelessly for the full implementation of this Agenda by 2030.
We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions,
including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an
indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are committed
to achieving sustainable development in its three dimensions – economic,
social and environmental – in a balanced and integrated manner. We will
also build upon the achievements of the Millennium Development Goals
and seek to address their unfinished business.
3. We resolve, between now and 2030, to end poverty and hunger
everywhere; to combat inequalities within and among countries; to build
peaceful, just and inclusive societies; to protect human rights and
promote gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls; and to
ensure the lasting protection of the planet and its natural resources.
We resolve also to create conditions for sustainable, inclusive and
sustained economic growth, shared prosperity and decent work for all,
taking into account different levels of national development and
capacities.
4. As we embark on this great collective journey, we pledge that no one
will be left behind. Recognizing that the dignity of the human person is
fundamental, we wish to see the Goals and targets met for all nations
and peoples and for all segments of society. And we will endeavour to
reach the furthest behind first.
5. This is an Agenda of unprecedented scope and significance. It is
accepted by all countries and is applicable to all, taking into account
different national realities, capacities and levels of development and
respecting national policies and priorities. These are universal goals
and targets which involve the entire world, developed and developing
countries alike. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the
three dimensions of sustainable development.
6. The Goals and targets are the result of over two years of intensive
public consultation and engagement with civil society and other
stakeholders around the world, which paid particular attention to the
voices of the poorest and most vulnerable. This consultation included
valuable work done by the General Assembly Open Working Group on
Sustainable Development Goals and by the United Nations, whose
Secretary-General provided a synthesis report in December 2014.
Our vision
7. In these Goals and targets, we are setting out a supremely ambitious
and transformational vision. We envisage a world free of poverty,
hunger, disease and want, where all life can thrive. We envisage a world
free of fear and violence. A world with universal literacy. A world
with equitable and universal access to quality education at all levels,
to health care and social protection, where physical, mental and social
well-being are assured. A world where we reaffirm our commitments
regarding the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation and
where there is improved hygiene; and where food is sufficient, safe,
affordable and nutritious. A world where human habitats are safe,
resilient and sustainable and where there is universal access to
affordable, reliable and sustainable energy.
8. We envisage a world of universal respect for human rights and human
dignity, the rule of law, justice, equality and non-discrimination; of
respect for race, ethnicity and cultural diversity; and of equal
opportunity permitting the full realization of human potential and
contributing to shared prosperity. A world which invests in its children
and in which every child grows up free from violence and exploitation. A
world in which every woman and girl enjoys full gender equality and all
legal, social and economic barriers to their empowerment have been
removed. A just, equitable, tolerant, open and socially inclusive world
in which the needs of the most vulnerable are met.
9. We envisage a world in which every country enjoys sustained,
inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all. A
world in which consumption and production patterns and use of all
natural resources – from air to land, from rivers, lakes and aquifers to
oceans and seas - are sustainable. One in which democracy, good
governance and the rule of law as well as an enabling environment at
national and international levels, are essential for sustainable
development, including sustained and inclusive economic growth, social
development, environmental protection and the eradication of poverty and
hunger. One in which development and the application of technology are
climate-sensitive, respect biodiversity and are resilient. One in which
humanity lives in harmony with nature and in which wildlife and other
living species are protected.
Our shared principles and commitments
10. The new Agenda is guided by the purposes and principles of the
Charter of the United Nations, including full respect for international
law. It is grounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
international human rights treaties, the Millennium Declaration and the
2005 World Summit Outcome Document. It is informed by other instruments
such as the Declaration on the Right to Development.
11. We reaffirm the outcomes of all major UN conferences and summits
which have laid a solid foundation for sustainable development and have
helped to shape the new Agenda. These include the Rio Declaration on
Environment and Development; the World Summit on Sustainable
Development; the World Summit for Social Development; the Programme of
Action of the International Conference on Population and Development,
the Beijing Platform for Action; and the United Nations Conference on
Sustainable Development ("Rio+ 20"). We also reaffirm the follow-up to
these conferences, including the outcomes of the Fourth United Nations
Conference on the Least Developed Countries, the Third International
Conference on Small Island Developing States; the Second United Nations
Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries; and the Third UN World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction.
12. We reaffirm all the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment
and Development, including, inter alia, the principle of common but
differentiated responsibilities, as set out in principle 7 thereof.
13. The challenges and commitments contained in these major conferences
and summits are interrelated and call for integrated solutions. To
address them effectively, a new approach is needed. Sustainable
development recognizes that eradicating poverty in all its forms and
dimensions, combatting inequality within and among countries, preserving
the planet, creating sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth and fostering social inclusion are linked to each other and are
interdependent.
Our world today
14. We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable
development. Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and
are denied a life of dignity. There are rising inequalities within and
among countries. There are enormous disparities of opportunity, wealth
and power. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment,
particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global health
threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiralling
conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises
and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the
development progress made in recent decades. Natural resource depletion
and adverse impacts of environmental degradation, including
desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss
of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which
humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our
time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to
achieve sustainable development. Increases in global temperature, sea
level rise, ocean acidification and other climate change impacts are
seriously affecting coastal areas and low-lying coastal countries,
including many least developed countries and small island developing
States. The survival of many societies, and of the biological support
systems of the planet, is at risk.
15. It is also, however, a time of immense opportunity. Significant
progress has been made in meeting many development challenges. Within
the past generation, hundreds of millions of people have emerged from
extreme poverty. Access to education has greatly increased for both boys
and girls. The spread of information and communications technology and
global interconnectedness has great potential to accelerate human
progress, to bridge the digital divide and to develop knowledge
societies, as does scientific and technological innovation across areas
as diverse as medicine and energy.
16. Almost fifteen years ago, the Millennium Development Goals were
agreed. These provided an important framework for development and
significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the
progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing
States, and some of the MDGs remain off-track, in particular those
related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive
health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the MDGs,
including the off-track MDGs, in particular by providing focussed and
scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in
special situations, in line with relevant support programmes. The new
Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete
what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most
vulnerable.
17. In its scope, however, the framework we are announcing today goes
far beyond the MDGs. Alongside continuing development priorities such as
poverty eradication, health, education and food security and nutrition,
it sets out a wide range of economic, social and environmental
objectives. It also promises more peaceful and inclusive societies. It
also, crucially, defines means of implementation. Reflecting the
integrated approach that we have decided on, there are deep
interconnections and many cross-cutting elements across the new Goals
and targets.
The new Agenda
18. We are announcing today 17 Sustainable Development Goals with 169
associated targets which are integrated and indivisible. Never before
have world leaders pledged common action and endeavour across such a
broad and universal policy agenda. We are setting out together on the
path towards sustainable development, devoting ourselves collectively to
the pursuit of global development and of "win-win" cooperation which
can bring huge gains to all countries and all parts of the world. We
reaffirm that every State has, and shall freely exercise, full permanent
sovereignty over all its wealth, natural resources and economic
activity. We will implement the Agenda for the full benefit of all, for
today’s generation and for future generations. In doing so, we reaffirm
our commitment to international law and emphasize that the Agenda is to
be implemented in a manner that is consistent with the rights and
obligations of states under international law.
19. We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human
rights and international law. We emphasize the responsibilities of all
States, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to
respect, protect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms for
all, without distinction of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth, disability or other status.
20. Realizing gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls
will make a crucial contribution to progress across all the Goals and
targets. The achievement of full human potential and of sustainable
development is not possible if one half of humanity continues to be
denied its full human rights and opportunities. Women and girls must
enjoy equal access to quality education, economic resources and
political participation as well as equal opportunities with men and boys
for employment, leadership and decision-making at all levels. We will
work for a significant increase in investments to close the gender gap
and strengthen support for institutions in relation to gender equality
and the empowerment of women at the global, regional and national
levels. All forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls
will be eliminated, including through the engagement of men and boys.
The systematic mainstreaming of a gender perspective in the
implementation of the Agenda is crucial.
21. The new Goals and targets will come into effect on 1 January 2016
and will guide the decisions we take over the next fifteen years. All of
us will work to implement the Agenda within our own countries and at
the regional and global levels, taking into account different national
realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national
policies and priorities We will respect national policy space for
sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, in particular for
developing states, while remaining consistent with relevant
international rules and commitments. We acknowledge also the importance
of the regional and sub-regional dimensions, regional economic
integration and interconnectivity in sustainable development. Regional
and sub-regional frameworks can facilitate the effective translation of
sustainable development policies into concrete action at national level.
22. Each country faces specific challenges in its pursuit of sustainable
development. The most vulnerable countries and, in particular, African
countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries
and small island developing states deserve special attention, as do
countries in situations of conflict and post-conflict countries. There
are also serious challenges within many middle-income countries.
23. People who are vulnerable must be empowered. Those whose needs are
reflected in the Agenda include all children, youth, persons with
disabilities (of whom more than 80% live in poverty), people living with
HIV/AIDS, older persons, indigenous peoples, refugees and internally
displaced persons and migrants. We resolve to take further effective
measures and actions, in conformity with international law, to remove
obstacles and constraints, strengthen support and meet the special needs
of people living in areas affected by complex humanitarian emergencies
and in areas affected by terrorism.
24. We are committed to ending poverty in all its forms and dimensions,
including by eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. All people must enjoy a
basic standard of living, including through social protection systems.
We are also determined to end hunger and to achieve food security as a
matter of priority and to end all forms of malnutrition. In this regard,
we reaffirm the important role and inclusive nature of the Committee on
World Food Security and welcome the Rome Declaration on Nutrition and
Framework for Action. We will devote resources to developing rural areas
and sustainable agriculture and fisheries, supporting smallholder
farmers, especially women farmers, herders and fishers in developing
countries, particularly least developed countries.
25. We commit to providing inclusive and equitable quality education at
all levels – early childhood, primary, secondary, tertiary, technical
and vocational training. All people, irrespective of sex, age, race,
ethnicity, and persons with disabilities, migrants, indigenous peoples,
children and youth, especially those in vulnerable situations, should
have access to life-long learning opportunities that help them acquire
the knowledge and skills needed to exploit opportunities and to
participate fully in society. We will strive to provide children and
youth with a nurturing environment for the full realization of their
rights and capabilities, helping our countries to reap the demographic
dividend including through safe schools and cohesive communities and
families.
26. To promote physical and mental health and well-being, and to extend
life expectancy for all, we must achieve universal health coverage and
access to quality health care. No one must be left behind. We commit to
accelerating the progress made to date in reducing newborn, child and
maternal mortality by ending all such preventable deaths before 2030. We
are committed to ensuring universal access to sexual and reproductive
health-care services, including for family planning, information and
education. We will equally accelerate the pace of progress made in
fighting malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, Ebola and other
communicable diseases and epidemics, including by addressing growing
anti-microbial resistance and the problem of unattended diseases
affecting developing countries. We are committed to the prevention and
treatment of non-communicable diseases, including behavioural,
developmental and neurological disorders, which constitute a major
challenge for sustainable development.
27. We will seek to build strong economic foundations for all our
countries. Sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth is
essential for prosperity. This will only be possible if wealth is shared
and income inequality is addressed. We will work to build dynamic,
sustainable, innovative and people-centred economies, promoting youth
employment and women’s economic empowerment, in particular, and decent
work for all. We will eradicate forced labour and human trafficking and
end child labour in all its forms. All countries stand to benefit from
having a healthy and well-educated workforce with the knowledge and
skills needed for productive and fulfilling work and full participation
in society. We will strengthen the productive capacities of
least-developed countries in all sectors, including through structural
transformation. We will adopt policies which increase productive
capacities, productivity and productive employment; financial inclusion;
sustainable agriculture, pastoralist and fisheries development;
sustainable industrial development; universal access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable and modern energy services; sustainable transport
systems; and quality and resilient infrastructure.
28. We commit to making fundamental changes in the way that our
societies produce and consume goods and services. Governments,
international organizations, the business sector and other non-state
actors and individuals must contribute to changing unsustainable
consumption and production patterns, including through the mobilization,
from all sources, of financial and technical assistance to strengthen
developing countries’ scientific, technological and innovative
capacities to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and
production. We encourage the implementation of the 10-Year Framework of
Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production. All countries take
action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account
the development and capabilities of developing countries.
29. We recognize the positive contribution of migrants for inclusive
growth and sustainable development. We also recognize that international
migration is a multi-dimensional reality of major relevance for the
development of countries of origin, transit and destination, which
requires coherent and comprehensive responses. We will cooperate
internationally to ensure safe, orderly and regular migration involving
full respect for human rights and the humane treatment of migrants
regardless of migration status, of refugees and of displaced persons.
Such cooperation should also strengthen the resilience of communities
hosting refugees, particularly in developing countries. We underline the
right of migrants to return to their country of citizenship, and recall
that States must ensure that their returning nationals are duly
received.
30. States are strongly urged to refrain from promulgating and applying
any unilateral economic, financial or trade measures not in accordance
with international law and the Charter of the United Nations that impede
the full achievement of economic and social development, particularly
in developing countries.
31. We acknowledge that the UNFCCC is the primary international,
intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate
change. We are determined to address decisively the threat posed by
climate change and environmental degradation. The global nature of
climate change calls for the widest possible international cooperation
aimed at accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions
and addressing adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change. We
note with grave concern the significant gap between the aggregate effect
of Parties’ mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of
greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with
having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average
temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels.
32. Looking ahead to the COP21 conference in Paris in December, we
underscore the commitment of all States to work for an ambitious and
universal climate agreement. We reaffirm that the protocol, another
legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention
applicable to all Parties shall address in a balanced manner, inter
alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology development and
transfer, and capacity-building, and transparency of action and support.
33. We recognise that social and economic development depends on the
sustainable management of our planet’s natural resources. We are
therefore determined to conserve and sustainably use oceans and seas,
freshwater resources, as well as forests, mountains and drylands and to
protect biodiversity, ecosystems and wildlife. We are also determined to
promote sustainable tourism, tackle water scarcity and water pollution,
to strengthen cooperation on desertification, dust storms, land
degradation and drought and to promote resilience and disaster risk
reduction. In this regard, we look forward to COP13 of the Convention on
Biological Diversity to be held in Mexico in 2016.
34. We recognize that sustainable urban development and management are
crucial to the quality of life of our people. We will work with local
authorities and communities to renew and plan our cities and human
settlements so as to foster community cohesion and personal security and
to stimulate innovation and employment. We will reduce the negative
impacts of urban activities and of chemicals which are hazardous for
human health and the environment, including through the environmentally
sound management and safe use of chemicals, the reduction and recycling
of waste and more efficient use of water and energy. And we will work to
minimize the impact of cities on the global climate system. We will
also take account of population trends and projections in our national,
rural and urban development strategies and policies. We look forward to
the upcoming United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban
Development in Quito, Ecuador.
35. Sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and
security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable
development. The new Agenda recognizes the need to build peaceful, just
and inclusive societies that provide equal access to justice and that
are based on respect for human rights (including the right to
development), on effective rule of law and good governance at all levels
and on transparent, effective and accountable institutions. Factors
which give rise to violence, insecurity and injustice, such as
inequality, corruption, poor governance and illicit financial and arms
flows, are addressed in the Agenda. We must redouble our efforts to
resolve or prevent conflict and to support post-conflict countries,
including through ensuring that women have a role in peace-building and
state-building. We call for further effective measures and actions to be
taken, in conformity with international law, to remove the obstacles to
the full realization of the right of self-determination of peoples
living under colonial and foreign occupation, which continue to
adversely affect their economic and social development as well as their
environment.
36. We pledge to foster inter-cultural understanding, tolerance, mutual
respect and an ethic of global citizenship and shared responsibility. We
acknowledge the natural and cultural diversity of the world and
recognize that all cultures and civilizations can contribute to, and are
crucial enablers of, sustainable development.
37. Sport is also an important enabler of sustainable development. We
recognize the growing contribution of sport to the realization of
development and peace in its promotion of tolerance and respect and the
contributions it makes to the empowerment of women and of young people,
individuals and communities as well as to health, education and social
inclusion objectives.
38. We reaffirm, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
the need to respect the territorial integrity and political independence
of States.
Means of Implementation
39. The scale and ambition of the new Agenda requires a revitalized
Global Partnership to ensure its implementation. We fully commit to
this. This Partnership will work in a spirit of global solidarity, in
particular solidarity with the poorest and with people in vulnerable
situations. It will facilitate an intensive global engagement in support
of implementation of all the Goals and targets, bringing together
Governments, the private sector, civil society, the United Nations
system and other actors and mobilizing all available resources.
40. The means of implementation targets under Goal 17 and under each SDG
are key to realising our Agenda and are of equal importance with the
other Goals and targets. The Agenda, including the SDGs, can be met
within the framework of a revitalized global partnership for sustainable
development, supported by the concrete policies and actions as outlined
in the outcome document of the Third International Conference on
Financing for Development, held in Addis Ababa from 13-16 July 2015. We
welcome the endorsement by the General Assembly of the Addis Ababa
Action Agenda, which is an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development. We recognize that the full implementation of
the Addis Ababa Action Agenda is critical for the realization of the
Sustainable Development Goals and targets.
41. We recognize that each country has primary responsibility for its
own economic and social development. The new Agenda deals with the means
required for implementation of the Goals and targets. We recognize that
these will include the mobilization of financial resources as well as
capacity-building and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies
to developing countries on favourable terms, including on concessional
and preferential terms, as mutually agreed. Public finance, both
domestic and international, will play a vital role in providing
essential services and public goods and in catalyzing other sources of
finance. We acknowledge the role of the diverse private sector, ranging
from micro-enterprises to cooperatives to multinationals, and that of
civil society organizations and philanthropic organizations in the
implementation of the new Agenda.
42. We support the implementation of relevant strategies and programmes
of action, including the Istanbul Declaration and Programme of Action,
the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway, the Vienna
Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade
2014-2024, and reaffirm the importance of supporting the African Union’s
Agenda 2063 and the programme of the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development (NEPAD), all of which are integral to the new Agenda. We
recognize the major challenge to the achievement of durable peace and
sustainable development in countries in conflict and post-conflict
situations.
43. We emphasize that international public finance plays an important
role in complementing the efforts of countries to mobilize public
resources domestically, especially in the poorest and most vulnerable
countries with limited domestic resources. An important use of
international public finance, including ODA, is to catalyse additional
resource mobilization from other sources, public and private. ODA
providers reaffirm their respective commitments, including the
commitment by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7% of
ODA/GNI to developing countries and 0.15% to 0.2% of ODA/GNI to least
developed countries.
44. We acknowledge the importance for international financial
institutions to support, in line with their mandates, the policy space
of each country, in particular developing countries. We recommit to
broadening and strengthening the voice and participation of developing
countries – including African countries, least developed countries,
land-locked developing countries, small-island developing States and
middle-income countries – in international economic decision-making,
norm-setting and global economic governance.
45. We acknowledge also the essential role of national parliaments
through their enactment of legislation and adoption of budgets and their
role in ensuring accountability for the effective implementation of our
commitments. Governments and public institutions will also work closely
on implementation with regional and local authorities, sub-regional
institutions, international institutions, academia, philanthropic
organisations, volunteer groups and others.
46. We underline the important role and comparative advantage of an
adequately resourced, relevant, coherent, efficient and effective UN
system in supporting the achievement of the SDGs and sustainable
development. While stressing the importance of strengthened national
ownership and leadership at country level, we express our support for
the ongoing ECOSOC Dialogue on the longer-term positioning of the United
Nations development system in the context of this Agenda.
Follow-up and review
47. Our Governments have the primary responsibility for follow-up and
review, at the national, regional and global levels, in relation to the
progress made in implementing the Goals and targets over the coming
fifteen years. To support accountability to our citizens, we will
provide for systematic follow-up and review at the various levels, as
set out in this Agenda and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The High Level
Political Forum under the auspices of the General Assembly and the
Economic and Social Council will have the central role in overseeing
follow-up and review at the global level.
48. Indicators are being developed to assist this work. Quality,
accessible, timely and reliable disaggregated data will be needed to
help with the measurement of progress and to ensure that no one is left
behind. Such data is key to decision-making. Data and information from
existing reporting mechanisms should be used where possible. We agree to
intensify our efforts to strengthen statistical capacities in
developing countries, particularly African countries, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries, small island developing
States and middle-income countries. We are committed to developing
broader measures of progress to complement gross domestic product (GDP).
A call for action to change our world
49. Seventy years ago, an earlier generation of world leaders came
together to create the United Nations. From the ashes of war and
division they fashioned this Organization and the values of peace,
dialogue and international cooperation which underpin it. The supreme
embodiment of those values is the Charter of the United Nations.
50. Today we are also taking a decision of great historic significance.
We resolve to build a better future for all people, including the
millions who have been denied the chance to lead decent, dignified and
rewarding lives and to achieve their full human potential. We can be the
first generation to succeed in ending poverty; just as we may be the
last to have a chance of saving the planet. The world will be a better
place in 2030 if we succeed in our objectives.
51. What we are announcing today – an Agenda for global action for the
next fifteen years – is a charter for people and planet in the
twenty-first century. Children and young women and men are critical
agents of change and will find in the new Goals a platform to channel
their infinite capacities for activism into the creation of a better
world.
52. "We the Peoples" are the celebrated opening words of the UN Charter.
It is "We the Peoples" who are embarking today on the road to 2030. Our
journey will involve Governments as well as Parliaments, the UN system
and other international institutions, local authorities, indigenous
peoples, civil society, business and the private sector, the scientific
and academic community – and all people. Millions have already engaged
with, and will own, this Agenda. It is an Agenda of the people, by the
people, and for the people – and this, we believe, will ensure its
success.
53. The future of humanity and of our planet lies in our hands. It lies
also in the hands of today’s younger generation who will pass the torch
to future generations. We have mapped the road to sustainable
development; it will be for all of us to ensure that the journey is
successful and its gains irreversible.
Sustainable Development Goals and targets
54. Following an inclusive process of intergovernmental negotiations,
and based on the Proposal of the Open Working Group on Sustainable
Development Goals , which includes a chapeau contextualising the latter,
the following are the Goals and targets which we have agreed.
55. The SDGs and targets are integrated and indivisible, global in
nature and universally applicable, taking into account different
national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting
national policies and priorities. Targets are defined as aspirational
and global, with each government setting its own national targets guided
by the global level of ambition but taking into account national
circumstances. Each government will also decide how these aspirational
and global targets should be incorporated in national planning
processes, policies and strategies. It is important to recognize the
link between sustainable development and other relevant ongoing
processes in the economic, social and environmental fields.
56. In deciding upon these Goals and targets, we recognise that each
country faces specific challenges to achieve sustainable development,
and we underscore the special challenges facing the most vulnerable
countries and, in particular, African countries, least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing
States, as well as the specific challenges facing the middle-income
countries. Countries in situations of conflict also need special
attention.
57. We recognize that baseline data for several of the targets remain
unavailable, and we call for increased support for strengthening data
collection and capacity building in Member States, to develop national
and global baselines where they do not yet exist. We commit to
addressing this gap in data collection so as to better inform the
measurement of progress, in particular for those targets below which do
not have clear numerical targets.
58. We encourage ongoing efforts by states in other fora to address key
issues which pose potential challenges to the implementation of our
Agenda; and we respect the independent mandates of those processes. We
intend that the Agenda and its implementation would support, and be
without prejudice to, those other processes and the decisions taken
therein.
59. We recognise that there are different approaches, visions, models
and tools available to each country, in accordance with its national
circumstances and priorities, to achieve sustainable development; and we
reaffirm that planet Earth and its ecosystems are our common home and
that ‘Mother Earth’ is a common expression in a number of countries and
regions.
Sustainable Development Goals
- Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
- Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
- Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
- Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
- Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
- Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
- Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
- Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
- Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
- Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
- Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
- Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
- Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
- Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
- Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
- Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
- Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
1.2 By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions
1.3 Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all, including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the vulnerable
1.4 By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance
1.5 By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters
1.a Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources, including through enhanced development cooperation, in order to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, to implement programmes and policies to end poverty in all its dimensions
1.b Create sound policy frameworks at the national, regional and international levels, based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies, to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture 2.1 By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round
2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons
2.3 By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm employment
2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality
2.5 By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed
2.a Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries, in particular least developed countries
2.b Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round
2.c Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
3.a Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
3.c Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States
3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all 4.1 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes
4.2 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education
4.3 By 2030, ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including university
4.4 By 2030, substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship
4.5 By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations
4.6 By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy
4.7 By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development
4.a Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all
4.b By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States and African countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and information and communications technology, technical, engineering and scientific programmes, in developed countries and other developing countries
4.c By 2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing States Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls 5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere
5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation
5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation
5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as nationally appropriate
5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life
5.6 Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences
5.a Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws
5.b Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote the empowerment of women
5.c Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all
6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations
6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
6.4 By 2030, substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity and substantially reduce the number of people suffering from water scarcity
6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate
6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
6.a By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies
6.b Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all 7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services
7.2 By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
7.3 By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
7.a By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology
7.b By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States, and land-locked developing countries, in accordance with their respective programmes of support Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all 8.1 Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries
8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors
8.3 Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services
8.4 Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, with developed countries taking the lead
8.5 By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value
8.6 By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training
8.7 Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms
8.8 Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment
8.9 By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
8.10 Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all
8.a Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries
8.b By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation 9.1 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all
9.2 Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry’s share of employment and gross domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its share in least developed countries
9.3 Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial services, including affordable credit, and their integration into value chains and markets
9.4 By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities
9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending
9.a Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States
9.b Support domestic technology development, research and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities
9.c Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020 Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries 10.1 By 2030, progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national average
10.2 By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
10.3 Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard
10.4 Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality
10.5 Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and institutions and strengthen the implementation of such regulations
10.6 Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions
10.7 Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies
10.a Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements
10.b Encourage official development assistance and financial flows, including foreign direct investment, to States where the need is greatest, in particular least developed countries, African countries, small island developing States and landlocked developing countries, in accordance with their national plans and programmes
10.c By 2030, reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
11.3 By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries
11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
11.5 By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations
11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management
11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
11.a Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning
11.b By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels
11.c Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 12.1 Implement the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries
12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
12.3 By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses
12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment
12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle
12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities
12.8 By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have the relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature
12.a Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production
12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
12.c Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts* 13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning
13.a Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible
13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities * Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate change. Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development 14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans
14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics
14.5 By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information
14.6 By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation
14.7 By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism
14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries
14.b Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets
14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in UNCLOS, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of The Future We Want Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss 15.1 By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
15.2 By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
15.3 By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world
15.4 By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, in order to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development
15.5 Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species
15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed
15.7 Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products
15.8 By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species
15.9 By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts
15.a Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems
15.b Mobilize significant resources from all sources and at all levels to finance sustainable forest management and provide adequate incentives to developing countries to advance such management, including for conservation and reforestation
15.c Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels 16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children
16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all
16.4 By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime
16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms
16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels
16.7 Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels
16.8 Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
16.9 By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
16.10 Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements
16.a Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime
16.b Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development Finance 17.1 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection
17.2 Developed countries to implement fully their official development assistance commitments, including the commitment by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of ODA/GNI to developing countries and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least developed countries; ODA providers are encouraged to consider setting a target to provide at least 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least developed countries
17.3 Mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources
17.4 Assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate, and address the external debt of highly indebted poor countries to reduce debt distress
17.5 Adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for least developed countries Technology 17.6 Enhance North-South, South-South and triangular regional and international cooperation on and access to science, technology and innovation and enhance knowledge sharing on mutually agreed terms, including through improved coordination among existing mechanisms, in particular at the United Nations level, and through a global technology facilitation mechanism
17.7 Promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries on favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed
17.8 Fully operationalize the technology bank and science, technology and innovation capacity-building mechanism for least developed countries by 2017 and enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology Capacity-building 17.9 Enhance international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building in developing countries to support national plans to implement all the sustainable development goals, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation Trade 17.10 Promote a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organization, including through the conclusion of negotiations under its Doha Development Agenda
17.11 Significantly increase the exports of developing countries, in particular with a view to doubling the least developed countries’ share of global exports by 2020
17.12 Realize timely implementation of duty-free and quota-free market access on a lasting basis for all least developed countries, consistent with World Trade Organization decisions, including by ensuring that preferential rules of origin applicable to imports from least developed countries are transparent and simple, and contribute to facilitating market access Systemic issues Policy and institutional coherence 17.13 Enhance global macroeconomic stability, including through policy coordination and policy coherence
17.14 Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development
17.15 Respect each country’s policy space and leadership to establish and implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable development Multi-stakeholder partnerships 17.16 Enhance the global partnership for sustainable development, complemented by multi-stakeholder partnerships that mobilize and share knowledge, expertise, technology and financial resources, to support the achievement of the sustainable development goals in all countries, in particular developing countries
17.17 Encourage and promote effective public, public-private and civil society partnerships, building on the experience and resourcing strategies of partnerships Data, monitoring and accountability 17.18 By 2020, enhance capacity-building support to developing countries, including for least developed countries and small island developing States, to increase significantly the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts
17.19 By 2030, build on existing initiatives to develop measurements of progress on sustainable development that complement gross domestic product, and support statistical capacity-building in developing countries
Means of implementation and the Global Partnership
60. We reaffirm our strong commitment to the full implementation of this
new Agenda. We recognize that we will not be able to achieve our
ambitious Goals and targets without a revitalized and enhanced Global
Partnership and comparably ambitious means of implementation. The
revitalized Global Partnership will facilitate an intensive global
engagement in support of implementation of all the goals and targets,
bringing together Governments, civil society, the private sector, the
United Nations system and other actors and mobilizing all available
resources.
61. The Agenda’s Goals and targets deal with the means required to
realise our collective ambitions. The means of implementation targets
under each SDG and Goal 17, which are referred to above, are key to
realising our Agenda and are of equal importance with the other Goals
and targets. We shall accord them equal priority in our implementation
efforts and in the global indicator framework for monitoring our
progress.
62. This Agenda, including the SDGs, can be met within the framework of a
revitalized global partnership for sustainable development, supported
by the concrete policies and actions outlined in the Addis Ababa Action
Agenda , which is an integral part of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable
development. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda supports, complements and
helps contextualize the 2030 Agenda’s means of implementation targets.
These relate to domestic public resources, domestic and international
private business and finance, international development cooperation,
international trade as an engine for development, debt and debt
sustainability, addressing systemic issues and science, technology,
innovation and capacity-building, and data, monitoring and follow-up.
63. Cohesive nationally owned sustainable development strategies,
supported by integrated national financing frameworks, will be at the
heart of our efforts. We reiterate that each country has primary
responsibility for its own economic and social development and that the
role of national policies and development strategies cannot be
overemphasized. We will respect each country’s policy space and
leadership to implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable
development, while remaining consistent with relevant international
rules and commitments. At the same time, national development efforts
need to be supported by an enabling international economic environment,
including coherent and mutually supporting world trade, monetary and
financial systems, and strengthened and enhanced global economic
governance. Processes to develop and facilitate the availability of
appropriate knowledge and technologies globally, as well as
capacity-building, are also critical. We commit to pursuing policy
coherence and an enabling environment for sustainable development at all
levels and by all actors, and to reinvigorating the global partnership
for sustainable development.
64. We support the implementation of relevant strategies and programmes
of action, including the Istanbul Declaration and Programme of Action,
the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA) Pathway, the Vienna
Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade
2014-2024, and reaffirm the importance of supporting the African Union’s
Agenda 2063 and the programme of the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development (NEPAD), all of which are integral to the new Agenda. We
recognize the major challenge to the achievement of durable peace and
sustainable development in countries in conflict and post-conflict
situations.
65. We recognize that middle-income countries still face significant
challenges to achieve sustainable development. In order to ensure that
achievements made to date are sustained, efforts to address ongoing
challenges should be strengthened through the exchange of experiences,
improved coordination, and better and focused support of the United
Nations Development System, the international financial institutions,
regional organizations and other stakeholders.
66. We underscore that, for all countries, public policies and the
mobilization and effective use of domestic resources, underscored by the
principle of national ownership, are central to our common pursuit of
sustainable development, including achieving the sustainable development
goals. We recognize that domestic resources are first and foremost
generated by economic growth, supported by an enabling environment at
all levels.
67. Private business activity, investment and innovation are major
drivers of productivity, inclusive economic growth and job creation. We
acknowledge the diversity of the private sector, ranging from
micro-enterprises to cooperatives to multinationals. We call on all
businesses to apply their creativity and innovation to solving
sustainable development challenges. We will foster a dynamic and
well-functioning business sector, while protecting labour rights and
environmental and health standards in accordance with relevant
international standards and agreements and other on-going initiatives in
this regard, such as the Guiding Principles on Business and Human
Rights and the labour standards of ILO, the Convention on the Rights of
the Child and key multilateral environmental agreements, for parties to
those agreements.
68. International trade is an engine for inclusive economic growth and
poverty reduction, and contributes to the promotion of sustainable
development. We will continue to promote a universal, rules-based, open,
transparent, predictable, inclusive, non-discriminatory and equitable
multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organization (WTO), as
well as meaningful trade liberalization. We call on all WTO members to
redouble their efforts to promptly conclude the negotiations on the Doha
Development Agenda. We attach great importance to providing
trade-related capacity-building for developing countries, including
African countries, least-developed countries, landlocked developing
countries, small island developing states and middle-income countries,
including for the promotion of regional economic integration and
interconnectivity.
69. We recognize the need to assist developing countries in attaining
long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at
fostering debt financing, debt relief, debt restructuring and sound debt
management, as appropriate. Many countries remain vulnerable to debt
crises and some are in the midst of crises, including a number of least
developed countries, small-island developing States and some developed
countries. We reiterate that debtors and creditors must work together to
prevent and resolve unsustainable debt situations. Maintaining
sustainable debt levels is the responsibility of the borrowing
countries; however we acknowledge that lenders also have a
responsibility to lend in a way that does not undermine a country’s debt
sustainability. We will support the maintenance of debt sustainability
of those countries that have received debt relief and achieved
sustainable debt levels.
70. We hereby launch a Technology Facilitation Mechanism which was
established by the Addis Ababa Action Agenda in order to support the
sustainable development goals. The Technology Facilitation Mechanism
will be based on a multi-stakeholder collaboration between Member
States, civil society, private sector, scientific community, United
Nations entities and other stakeholders and will be composed of: a
United Nations Interagency Task Team on Science, Technology and
Innovation for the SDGs, a collaborative Multistakeholder Forum on
Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs and an on-line platform.
• The United Nations Interagency Task Team on Science, Technology and
Innovation for the SDGs will promote coordination, coherence, and
cooperation within the UN System on STI related matters, enhancing
synergy and efficiency, in particular to enhance capacity-building
initiatives. The Task Team will draw on existing resources and will work
with 10 representatives from the civil society, private sector, the
scientific community, to prepare the meetings of the Multistakeholder
Forum on Science, Technology and Innovation for the SDGs, as well as in
the development and operationalization of the on-line platform,
including preparing proposals for the modalities for the Forum and the
on-line platform. The 10 representatives will be appointed by the
Secretary General, for periods of two years. The Task Team will be open
to the participation of all UN agencies, funds and programmes, and
ECOSOC functional commissions and it will initially be composed by the
entities that currently integrate the informal working group on
technology facilitation, namely: UN Department of Economic and Social
Affairs, United Nations Environment Programme, UNIDO, United Nations
Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNCTAD, International
Telecommunication Union, WIPO and the World Bank.
• The on-line platform will be used to establish a comprehensive mapping of, and serve as a gateway for, information on existing STI initiatives, mechanisms and programmes, within and beyond the UN. The on-line platform will facilitate access to information, knowledge and experience, as well as best practices and lessons learned, on STI facilitation initiatives and policies. The online platform will also facilitate the dissemination of relevant open access scientific publications generated worldwide. The on-line platform will be developed on the basis of an independent technical assessment which will take into account best practices and lessons learned from other initiatives, within and beyond the United Nations, in order to ensure that it will complement, facilitate access to and provide adequate information on existing STI platforms, avoiding duplications and enhancing synergies.
• The Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science Technology and Innovation for the SDGs will be convened once a year, for a period of two days, to discuss STI cooperation around thematic areas for the implementation of the SDGs, congregating all relevant stakeholders to actively contribute in their area of expertise. The Forum will provide a venue for facilitating interaction, matchmaking and the establishment of networks between relevant stakeholders and multi- stakeholder partnerships in order to identify and examine technology needs and gaps, including on scientific cooperation, innovation and capacity building, and also in order to help facilitate development, transfer and dissemination of relevant technologies for the SDGs. The meetings of the Forum will be convened by the President of the ECOSOC before the meeting of the High Level Political Forum under the auspices of ECOSOC or, alternatively, in conjunction with other fora or conferences, as appropriate, taking into account the theme to be considered and on the basis of a collaboration with the organizers of the other fora or conference. The meetings of the Forum will be co-chaired by two Member States and will result in a summary of discussions elaborated by the two co-chairs, as an input to the meetings of the High Level Political Forum, in the context of the follow-up and review of the implementation of the Post-2015 Development Agenda.
• The meetings of the HLPF will be informed by the summary of the Multistakeholder Forum. The themes for the subsequent Multistakeholder Forum on Science Technology and Innovation for the SDGs will be considered by the High Level Political Forum on sustainable development, taking into account expert inputs from the Task Team. 71. We reiterate that this Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals and targets, including the means of implementation are universal, indivisible and interlinked.
Follow-up and review
72. We commit to engage in systematic follow-up and review of
implementation of this Agenda over the next fifteen years. A robust,
voluntary, effective, participatory, transparent and integrated
follow-up and review framework will make a vital contribution to
implementation and will help countries to maximize and track progress in
implementing this Agenda in order to ensure that no one is left behind.
73. Operating at the national, regional and global levels, it will
promote accountability to our citizens, support effective international
cooperation in achieving this Agenda and foster exchanges of best
practices and mutual learning. It will mobilize support to overcome
shared challenges and identify new and emerging issues. As this is a
universal Agenda, mutual trust and understanding among all nations will
be important.
74. Follow-up and review processes at all levels will be guided by the following principles:
a. They will be voluntary and country-led, will take into account
different national realities, capacities and levels of development and
will respect policy space and priorities. As national ownership is key
to achieving sustainable development, the outcome from national level
processes will be the foundation for reviews at regional and global
levels, given that the global review will be primarily based on national
official data sources.
b. They will track progress in implementing the universal Goals and targets, including the means of implementation, in all countries in a manner which respects their universal, integrated and interrelated nature and the three dimensions of sustainable development.
c. They will maintain a longer-term orientation, identify achievements, challenges, gaps and critical success factors and support countries in making informed policy choices. They will help mobilize the necessary means of implementation and partnerships, support the identification of solutions and best practices and promote coordination and effectiveness of the international development system.
d. They will be open, inclusive, participatory and transparent for all people and will support the reporting by all relevant stakeholders.
e. They will be people-centred, gender-sensitive, respect human rights and have a particular focus on the poorest, most vulnerable and those furthest behind.
f. They will build on existing platforms and processes, where these exist, avoid duplication and respond to national circumstances, capacities, needs and priorities. They will evolve over time, taking into account emerging issues and the development of new methodologies, and will minimize the reporting burden on national administrations.
g. They will be rigorous and based on evidence, informed by country-led evaluations and data which is high-quality, accessible, timely, reliable and disaggregated by income, sex, age, race, ethnicity, migration status, disability and geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts.
h. They will require enhanced capacity-building support for developing countries, including the strengthening of national data systems and evaluation programs, particularly in African countries, LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs and middle-income countries.
i. They will benefit from the active support of the UN system and other multilateral institutions. 75. The Goals and targets will be followed-up and reviewed using a set of global indicators. These will be complemented by indicators at the regional and national levels which will be developed by member states, in addition to the outcomes of work undertaken for the development of the baselines for those targets where national and global baseline data does not yet exist. The global indicator framework, to be developed by the Inter Agency and Expert Group on SDG Indicators, will be agreed by the UN Statistical Commission by March 2016 and adopted thereafter by the Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly, in line with existing mandates. This framework will be simple yet robust, address all SDGs and targets including for means of implementation, and preserve the political balance, integration and ambition contained therein. 76. We will support developing countries, particularly African countries, LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs, in strengthening the capacity of national statistical offices and data systems to ensure access to high-quality, timely, reliable and disaggregated data. We will promote transparent and accountable scaling-up of appropriate public-private cooperation to exploit the contribution to be made by a wide range of data, including earth observation and geo-spatial information, while ensuring national ownership in supporting and tracking progress. 77. We commit to fully engage in conducting regular and inclusive reviews of progress at sub-national, national, regional and global levels. We will draw as far as possible on the existing network of follow-up and review institutions and mechanisms. National reports will allow assessments of progress and identify challenges at the regional and global level. Along with regional dialogues and global reviews, they will inform recommendations for follow-up at various levels. National level 78. We encourage all member states to develop as soon as practicable ambitious national responses to the overall implementation of this Agenda. These can support the transition to the SDGs and build on existing planning instruments, such as national development and sustainable development strategies, as appropriate. 79. We also encourage member states to conduct regular and inclusive reviews of progress at the national and sub-national levels which are country-led and country-driven. Such reviews should draw on contributions from indigenous peoples, civil society, the private sector and other stakeholders, in line with national circumstances, policies and priorities. National parliaments as well as other institutions can also support these processes. Regional level 80. Follow-up and review at the regional and sub-regional levels can, as appropriate, provide useful opportunities for peer learning, including through voluntary reviews, sharing of best practices and discussion on shared targets. We welcome in this respect the cooperation of regional and sub-regional commissions and organizations. Inclusive regional processes will draw on national-level reviews and contribute to follow-up and review at the global level, including at the High Level Political Forum on sustainable development (HLPF). 81. Recognizing the importance of building on existing follow-up and review mechanisms at the regional level and allowing adequate policy space, we encourage all member states to identify the most suitable regional forum in which to engage. UN regional commissions are encouraged to continue supporting member states in this regard. Global level 82. The HLPF will have a central role in overseeing a network of follow-up and review processes at the global level, working coherently with the General Assembly, ECOSOC and other relevant organs and forums, in accordance with existing mandates. It will facilitate sharing of experiences, including successes, challenges and lessons learned, and provide political leadership, guidance and recommendations for follow-up. It will promote system-wide coherence and coordination of sustainable development policies. It should ensure that the Agenda remains relevant and ambitious and should focus on the assessment of progress, achievements and challenges faced by developed and developing countries as well as new and emerging issues. Effective linkages will be made with the follow-up and review arrangements of all relevant UN Conferences and processes, including on LDCs, SIDS and LLDCs. 83. Follow-up and review at the HLPF will be informed by an annual SDG Progress Report to be prepared by the Secretary General in cooperation with the UN System, based on the global indicator framework and data produced by national statistical systems and information collected at the regional level. The HLPF will also be informed by the Global Sustainable Development Report, which shall strengthen the science-policy interface and could provide a strong evidence-based instrument to support policy-makers in promoting poverty eradication and sustainable development. We invite the President of ECOSOC to conduct a process of consultations on the scope, methodology and frequency of the Report as well as its relation to the SDG Progress Report, the outcome of which should be reflected in the Ministerial Declaration of the HLPF session in 2016. 84. The HLPF, under the auspices of ECOSOC, shall carry out regular reviews, in line with Resolution 67/290. Reviews will be voluntary, while encouraging reporting, and include developed and developing countries as well as relevant UN entities and other stakeholders, including civil society and the private sector. They shall be state-led, involving ministerial and other relevant high-level participants. They shall provide a platform for partnerships, including through the participation of major groups and other relevant stakeholders. 85. Thematic reviews of progress on the Sustainable Development Goals, including cross-cutting issues, will also take place at the HLPF. These will be supported by reviews by the ECOSOC functional commissions and other inter-governmental bodies and forums which should reflect the integrated nature of the goals as well as the interlinkages between them. They will engage all relevant stakeholders and, where possible, feed into, and be aligned with, the cycle of the HLPF. 86. We welcome, as outlined in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the dedicated follow-up and review for the Financing for Development outcomes as well as all the means of implementation of the SDGs which is integrated with the follow-up and review framework of this Agenda. The intergovernmentally agreed conclusions and recommendations of the annual ECOSOC Forum on Financing for Development will be fed into the overall follow-up and review of the implementation of this Agenda in the HLPF. 87. Meeting every four years under the auspices of the General Assembly, the HLPF will provide high-level political guidance on the Agenda and its implementation, identify progress and emerging challenges and mobilize further actions to accelerate implementation. The next HLPF, under the auspices of the General Assembly, will take place in 2019, with the cycle of meetings thus reset, in order to maximize coherence with the Quadrennial Comprehensive Policy Review process. 88. We also stress the importance of system-wide strategic planning, implementation and reporting in order to ensure coherent and integrated support to implementation of the new Agenda by the UN development system. The relevant governing bodies should take action to review such support to implementation and to report on progress and obstacles. We welcome the ongoing ECOSOC Dialogues on the longer term positioning of the UN development system and look forward to taking action on these issues, as appropriate. 89. The HLPF will support participation in follow-up and review processes by the major groups and other relevant stakeholders in line with Resolution 67/290. We call on these actors to report on their contribution to the implementation of the Agenda. 90. We request the Secretary General, in consultation with Member States, to prepare a report, for consideration at the 70th session of the General Assembly in preparation for the 2016 meeting of the HLPF, which outlines critical milestones towards coherent efficient, and inclusive follow-up and review at the global level. This report should include a proposal on the organizational arrangements for state-led reviews at the HLPF under the auspices of ECOSOC, including recommendations on a voluntary common reporting guidelines. It should clarify institutional responsibilities and provide guidance on annual themes, on a sequence of thematic reviews, and on options for periodic reviews for the HLPF. 91. We reaffirm our unwavering commitment to achieving this Agenda and utilizing it to the full to transform our world for the better by 2030.
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